γ-Linolenic acid (Δ-6,9,12-18:3) and stearidonic acid (Δ-6,9,12,15-18:4) are metabolic intermediates in the conversion by animals of dietary linoleic acid to arachidonic acid and of dietary α-linolenic acid to eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and dodosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (Section 7.5). This development of high-palmitic canola oil has not gained significant commercial use because of the increased use of canola oil in liquid form in many various edible fat products and the ready availability of palmitic-acid-containing oils for blending to control crystallization problems.Low-linolenic acid canola oil (2% vs. 9%)High-oleic acid canola oil (69–77% vs. 60%)Lauric acid canola oil (about 33% C12:0)γ-Linoleic acid canola oil is of interest from a nutraceutical point of view.
Stearidonic acid may be used as a precursor to increase the EPA content of human lipids and that combinations of gamma-linolenic acid and stearidonic acid eicosapentaenoic acid can be used to manipulate the fatty acid compositions of lipid pools in subtle ways. This review discusses the currently available evidence that increased SDA consumption can increase red blood cell EPA content, although this is less than the effect of supplementation directly with EPA. This acid is present in in dietary plant oils that metabolized to longer chain and more unsaturated (n-3) PUFA. Stearidonic acid is an ω-3 fatty acid which is sometimes known as moroctic acid.

Stearidonic acid (SDA) is an intermediate fatty acid in the biosynthetic pathway from α-linolenic acid to VLC ω-3 PUFAs and the conversion from SDA is more efficient than from α-linolenic acid.

There is now a need for trials specifically designed to assess whether an increased SDA consumption would translate into improved human health outcomes. Alternative dietary sources of ω-3 fatty acids to enhance EPA and DHA status in the body would therefore be beneficial. Stearidonic acid (SDA) is an ω-3 fatty acid, sometimes called moroctic acid. However, the oil contains approximately 10–12% palmitic acid compared with only 4% total saturated fatty acids in the standard canola oil. SDA can also be synthesized in a lab. There are many non-fish food sources of the essential plant-derived ω-3 fatty acid α-linolenic acid, but conversion from this to longer-chain EPA and especially to DHA is poor. High-oleic low linolenic canola oilCanola oil with stearidonic acid and long-chain PUFAHigh-palmitic acid canola oil was initially developed in Sweden to prevent the β-crystallization of hydrogenated canola oil to make it more freely useable for margarine and shortenings. The consumption of oily fish is an effective way of increasing EPA and DHA intake and status, but intake in most Western countries remains below the levels recommended for optimal health. However, there are few food sources rich in SDA.

This land-source omega-3 dietary alternative will also ease pressure to overfish the wild species of omega-3-containing fish.When fed to applicable farmed fish (grown in aquaculture production), stearidonic acid is partially utilized by the animal for energy and partially converted into EPA and DHA, which are subsequently deposited in the fish meat. Early varieties of canola oil contained up to 2% of this fatty acid; however, during the development of new varieties its presence was eliminated. However, there are few food sources rich in SDA. This type of oil is an example of a new generation of nutraceutical oils aimed at the supplement market, with a potential application for nutraceutical food products.The low level of saturated fatty acids in canola oil is the main claim that drives export of canola from Canada. The natural sources to obtain this fatty acid are blackcurrant, seed oils of hemp, corn gromwell and echium. That elevated oleic acid content and the resultant reduced saturated fat content provide an oil that is more heart-healthy to consume and possesses greater heat resistance for longer effective oil product life during frying.tr (trace): levels </0.6/%.High-stearic acid canola oil (30% vs. 2%)

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